Bagan is an ancient city in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. According to the Chronicles, Bagan was founded in the second century, and fortified in 849 by King Pyinbya, 34th successor of the founder of early Bagan. In any case, surveyas and studies prove that Bagan was founded in the mid-to-late 9th century by the Mranma (Burmans), who had recently entered the Irrawaddy valley from the Nanzhao Kingdom. There were a number of small Pyu states when King Anawratha established the Pagan Kingdom in 1044, the first kingdom that unified the regions that would later constitute Myanmar. During the kingdom’s height between the 11th and 13th centuries, more than 10,000 Buddhist Pagodas, temples, and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of which the remains of over 2200 Temples and Pagodas survive.